Opioid Overdose: What to Know and How to Act

Opioid overdose is a medical emergency that can happen in minutes. If you’re with someone who might be overdosing, acting fast can mean the difference between life and death. This guide gives you the basics you need right now – no jargon, just clear steps.

Spot the Signs Fast

Most overdoses show up with a few obvious signs. Look for these: shallow or no breathing, pin‑point pupils, skin that feels cool and clammy, and a limp body that can’t stay upright. The person may be unresponsive, unable to talk, or making strange noises like gurgling or snoring. If you notice any of these symptoms after they’ve taken opioids (prescription or illegal), treat it as an overdose.

Even if you’re not sure, it’s better to assume it’s serious. Overdose can progress quickly, and the brain can suffer permanent damage in just a few minutes without oxygen.

Get Help, Use Naloxone, Stay Safe

First, call emergency services. Give them your exact location, describe what you think happened, and mention any opioids you suspect were used. While you wait, if you have a naloxone kit (often called Narcan), use it right away. Naloxone is a medication that can reverse the effects of opioids for about 30‑90 minutes, buying you precious time.

To give naloxone, follow the instructions on the kit. Usually you’ll spray it into the person’s nose or inject it into their thigh. After you administer, watch for breathing or a gasp. If they don’t respond, give a second dose after 2‑3 minutes. Keep doing this until help arrives.

After naloxone, place the person on their side in the recovery position. This keeps their airway open and prevents choking if they vomit. Stay with them, keep talking, and keep an eye on breathing. Even if they seem better, they still need medical evaluation because the opioid can wear off again.

Having naloxone at home, work, or in a car is a smart move if you or anyone you know uses opioids. Many pharmacies now sell it without a prescription, and many community programs give it away for free.

On this tag you’ll also find articles that dive deeper into related topics, like how to talk to a friend about opioid safety, what to expect from treatment programs, and personal stories of recovery. Check them out to get more context and support.

Remember, spotting an overdose, calling 911, and using naloxone are the three quick actions that can save a life. Keep a naloxone kit handy, stay calm, and act fast. If you’re ever unsure, don’t wait – treat it as an emergency and get professional help right away.